Simulation Process - Revision history

MichiGau at 14:39, 10 June 2020

2020-06-10T14:39:58Z

MichiGau at 08:20, 15 May 2020

2020-05-15T08:20:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:20, 15 May 2020
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	== Process description ==		==Process description==

	{{Identify and Describe Research Problem}}		{{Identify and Describe Research Problem}}

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	{{Define Dependent Variables}}		{{Define Dependent Variables}}

	== Derive Hypotheses ==		==Derive Hypotheses==
	=== Description ===		===Description===
	[[File:Theory’s basic constituents and mechanisms.png\|thumb]]		[[File:Theory’s basic constituents and mechanisms.png\|thumb]]
	General:		General:
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	Describe the Activity 1.		Describe the Activity 1.

	=== Examples ===		===Examples===
			===Further Readings===
	=== Further Readings ===
	[1] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. 3. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa_textbooks/3		[1] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. 3. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa_textbooks/3

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	{{Create Research Design}}		{{Create Research Design}}

	== Develop Simulation ==		==Develop Simulation==
	=== Description ===		===Description===
	General:		General:
	* state a hypothesis		* state a hypothesis
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	* suitable for observing the correlation between variables		* suitable for observing the correlation between variables


	Pros:		Pros:
	* allows estimation and prediction		* allows estimation and prediction
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	* simulation is executed in a virtual world		* simulation is executed in a virtual world

	=== Examples ===		===Examples===
			===Further Readings===
	=== Further Readings ===
	[1] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. 3.		[1] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. 3.

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	[2] Myers, M. D. (2009). “Qualitative Research in Business and Management”, SAGE Publications: Auckland, New Zealand.		[2] Myers, M. D. (2009). “Qualitative Research in Business and Management”, SAGE Publications: Auckland, New Zealand.

	== Sampling Strategy ==		==Sampling Strategy==
	=== Description ===		===Description===
	General:		General:
	* choose target population and a strategy of how to choose samples		* choose target population and a strategy of how to choose samples
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	* avoid a biased sample		* avoid a biased sample

	==== Sampling approaches ====
	===== Probability sampling =====		====Sampling approaches====
			=====Probability sampling=====

	* technique in which every unit in the population has a chance (non-zero probability) of being selected		* technique in which every unit in the population has a chance (non-zero probability) of being selected
	* chance to be selected can be accurately determined		* chance to be selected can be accurately determined
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	* methods: random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, matched pairs sampling, multi-stage sampling		* methods: random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, matched pairs sampling, multi-stage sampling

	===== Non-probability sampling =====		=====Non-probability sampling=====

	* some units of the population have either zero chance of selection or the probability of selection cannot be determined accurately		* some units of the population have either zero chance of selection or the probability of selection cannot be determined accurately
	* ~~slection~~ criteria are non-random (e.g. quota, convenience)		* selection criteria are non-random (e.g. quota, convenience)
	* estimation of sampling errors is not allowed		* estimation of sampling errors is not allowed
	* information from a sample cannot be generalized back to the population		* information from a sample cannot be generalized back to the population
	* methods: convenience sampling, snowball sampling, quota sampling, expert sampling		* methods: convenience sampling, snowball sampling, quota sampling, expert sampling

	=== Examples ===		===Examples===
	==== Probability sampling ====		====Probability sampling====
	[[File:Sampling Strategy.png\|thumb]]		[[File:Sampling Strategy.png\|thumb]]
	Cluster sampling:		Cluster sampling:
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	* elements are selected at regular intervals		* elements are selected at regular intervals

	==== Non-probability sampling ====
			====Non-probability sampling====
	Convenience sampling:		Convenience sampling:
	* take a sample from a population that is close to hand		* take a sample from a population that is close to hand
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	* ask respondents for further potential participants		* ask respondents for further potential participants

	=== Further Readings ===		===Further Readings===
	[1] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. 3. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa_textbooks/3		[1] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. 3. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa_textbooks/3

MichiGau: MichiGau moved page Simulation process to Simulation Process

2020-03-30T08:28:46Z

MichiGau moved page Simulation process to Simulation Process

← Older revision

Revision as of 08:28, 30 March 2020

MichiGau: Created page with "== Process description == {{Identify and Describe Research Problem}} {{Describe Research Gap}} {{Define Key Constructs}} {{Articulate Research Question(s)}} {{Collect Jus..."

2020-03-20T13:30:45Z

Created page with "== Process description == {{Identify and Describe Research Problem}} {{Describe Research Gap}} {{Define Key Constructs}} {{Articulate Research Question(s)}} {{Collect Jus..."

New page

== Process description ==

{{Identify and Describe Research Problem}}

{{Describe Research Gap}}

{{Define Key Constructs}}

{{Articulate Research Question(s)}}

{{Collect Justificatory Knowledge}}

{{Define Dependent Variables}}

== Derive Hypotheses ==
=== Description ===
[[File:Theory’s basic constituents and mechanisms.png|thumb]]
General:
A hypothesis...

... states (expected) relationships between variables.

... is empirically testable.

... is stated in a falsifiable form.

… can be strong or weak.

… should clearly specify independent and dependent variables.

Describe the Activity 1.

=== Examples ===

=== Further Readings ===
[1] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. 3. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa_textbooks/3

{{Operationalize Dependent Variable(s)}}

{{Create Research Design}}

== Develop Simulation ==
=== Description ===
General:
* state a hypothesis
* imitate some real process or action to prove your hypothesis
* suitable for observing the correlation between variables

Pros:
* allows estimation and prediction
* cheaper than experiments
* very detailed results possible
Cons:
* usually no accurate results (simulation errors)
* simulation is executed in a virtual world

=== Examples ===

=== Further Readings ===
[1] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. 3.

Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa_textbooks/3

[2] Myers, M. D. (2009). “Qualitative Research in Business and Management”, SAGE Publications: Auckland, New Zealand.

== Sampling Strategy ==
=== Description ===
General:
* choose target population and a strategy of how to choose samples
* related to the unit of analysis in a research problem
* avoid a biased sample

==== Sampling approaches ====
===== Probability sampling =====
* technique in which every unit in the population has a chance (non-zero probability) of being selected
* chance to be selected can be accurately determined
* sampling procedure involves random selection at some point
* methods: random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, matched pairs sampling, multi-stage sampling

===== Non-probability sampling =====
* some units of the population have either zero chance of selection or the probability of selection cannot be determined accurately
* slection criteria are non-random (e.g. quota, convenience)
* estimation of sampling errors is not allowed
* information from a sample cannot be generalized back to the population
* methods: convenience sampling, snowball sampling, quota sampling, expert sampling

=== Examples ===
==== Probability sampling ====
[[File:Sampling Strategy.png|thumb]]
Cluster sampling:
* divide population into clusters
* randomly sample a few clusters and measure all units within that cluster

Matched pairs sampling:
* two subgroups of population
* compare two individual units from subgroups with other
* ideal way to understand bipolar differences

Multi-stage sampling:
* combine the previously described sampling technique
* e.g. combine cluster and random sample

Random sampling:
* all subsets are given equal probability of being selected
* unbiased estimates of population parameters

Stratified sampling:
* divided into homogeneous and non-overlapping subgroups
* simple random sample within each subgroup

Systematic sampling:
* sampling frame is ordered according to some criteria
* elements are selected at regular intervals

==== Non-probability sampling ====
Convenience sampling:
* take a sample from a population that is close to hand
* e.g. outside of the shopping mall
* may not be a representative, therefore limited generalization

Expert sampling:
* choose respondents in a non-random manner based on their expertise on the phenomenon
* findings are still not generalizable to the population
* e.g. in-depth study on an institutional factor such as Sarbanes-Oxley Act

Quota sampling:
* segment population into mutually exclusive subgroups
* take a non-random set of observations to meet pre-defined quota
* pre-defined quota can either proportional (as the overall population) or non-proportional (less restrictive)
* both are not representative of the population

Snowball sampling:
* start criteria-based
* ask respondents for further potential participants

=== Further Readings ===
[1] Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. 3. Available at: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa_textbooks/3

{{Data Collection}}

{{Data Analysis}}

{{Write up Results}}

[[Category:Simulation]]